// var example
        function varExample() {
            if (true) {
                var x = 10;
            }
            console.log(x); // 10, var is function-scoped
        }

        // let example
        function letExample() {
            if (true) {
                let y = 20;
            }
            // console.log(y); // Error, let is block-scoped
        }

        // const example
        function constExample() {
            const z = 30;
            // z = 40; // Error, const cannot be reassigned
        }