// var: function-scoped or globally-scoped
        var x = 1;
        if (true) {
            var x = 2; // same variable, reassigns x
            console.log(x); // 2
        }
        console.log(x); // 2

        // let: block-scoped
        let y = 1;
        if (true) {
            let y = 2; // different variable, block-scoped
            console.log(y); // 2
        }
        console.log(y); // 1

        // const: block-scoped, cannot be reassigned
        const z = 1;
        if (true) {
            const z = 2; // different variable, block-scoped
            console.log(z); // 2
        }
        console.log(z); // 1